Short 'a' as in apple, cat, mat
Short 'e' as in elephant, bed, pet
Short 'i' as in igloo, sit, big
Short 'o' as in octopus, hot, dog
Short 'u' as in umbrella, bug, sun
Letter 'b' as in ball, bat, tub
Letter 'c' as in cat, cup, can
Letter 'd' as in dog, dad, bed
Letter 'f' as in fish, fan, off
Letter 'g' as in goat, got, big
Blend 'bl' as in black, blue, blob
Blend 'cl' as in clap, club, class
Blend 'fl' as in flag, flip, flat
Blend 'br' as in brick, brag, bring
Blend 'cr' as in crab, crop, crack
Blend 'dr' as in drum, drag, drip
Blend 'st' as in stop, step, fast
Blend 'sp' as in spin, spot, wasp
Digraph 'sh' as in ship, fish, wish
Digraph 'ch' as in chip, chat, much
Digraph 'th' as in thumb, that, bath
Digraph 'wh' as in whale, when, which
Long 'a' as in cake, rain, day
Long 'e' as in tree, read, see
Long 'i' as in bike, night, fly
Long 'o' as in boat, home, snow
Long 'u' as in blue, use, new
R-controlled 'ar' as in star, car, park
R-controlled 'or' as in fork, for, more
R-controlled 'er' as in fern, her, term
R-controlled 'ir' as in bird, girl, first
R-controlled 'ur' as in turn, fur, hurt
Diphthong 'oi' as in coin, oil, join
Diphthong 'oy' as in boy, toy, enjoy
Diphthong 'ou' as in cloud, out, loud
Diphthong 'ow' as in cow, now, down